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Alarm, Monitoring & Basic Automation

Inside this lesson
  • Describe the role of sensors and transmitters in converting a physical quantity to an electrical signal
  • Explain the 4-20 mA current-loop standard and why a live zero (4 mA) is used
  • Convert a 4-20 mA reading to its engineering value over a defined range
  • Describe how an alarm-and-monitoring system supports unattended-machinery-space (UMS) operation

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Educational content covering topics typical of a first- and second-year marine engineering / naval architecture curriculum. Not a substitute for accredited coursework, and not suitable for real vessel design, operation, or safety decisions without review by a licensed professional engineer. References to classification societies, SOLAS, or MARPOL are descriptive context only, not compliance guidance.